Wheel suspension



Mamh 16, 1948. N. E, WAHLBERG ETAL 2,437,844

WHEEL SUSPENSION Filed Jan. 22, 1942 2 Shets-Sheet 1.

INVENI OR. NILS ERIK WAHLBERG GUSTAV V. HEDSTROM THElR ATTORNEY March 16, 1948. N. E. WAHLBERG El'AL WHEEL SUSPENSION Filed Jan. 22, 1942 2 Sheets-Sheet 2v I INVENTOR. NILS ERIK WAHLBERG GUSTAV 1/. HEDSTROM in: ATTORNEY Patented Mar. 16, 1948 WHEEL SUSPENSION Nils Erik Wahlbcrg, Chicago, 11]., and Gustav V.

Hedstrom, Kenosha, Wia,

assignors to Nash- Kelvinator Corporation, Kenosha, Wis., a corporation of Maryland Application January 22, 1942, Serial No. 427,706

14 Claims. (01. 280-962) This invention relates to wheel suspensions and has particular reference to means for mounting the steerable road wheels of an automobile n the frame of the automobile.

It is an object of this invention to provide a rubber tension spring for a road wheel.

It is another object of this invention to provide means for mounting a tubular rubber spring so that it will support a road wheel by tension loads in the spring.

It is another object of this invention to provide means for connecting the opposite ends of a tubular rubber spring between an automobile frame and a wheel spindle.

It is another object of this invention to provide means for guiding the free end of a tubular rubber spring relative to a king pin about which a steering knuckle attached to the spring is rotatable.

It is another object of this invention to provide a rubber tension spring for supporting a steering knuckle on a king pin, which spring will seal the bearings between the king pin and knuckle from dust and moisture.

It is another object of this invention to provide means for securely bonding the ends of a rubber spring to the metallic parts of a wheel suspension structure.

Other objects and advantages of this invention will be apparent from a consideratiion of the following description and claims and the attached drawings, of which there are two sheets, and in which- Figure 1 represents a front elevation of an automobile frame with steerable road wheels mounted thereon;

Figure 2 represents a transverse sectional view through the wheel suspension structure illustrated in Figure 1;

Figure 3 represents a plan view of the wheel suspension structure illustrated in Figures 1 and 2;

Figure 4 represents an enlarged, detailed, sectional view showing the connection between the top of the rubber spring and the steering knuckle sleeve illustrated in Figure 2;

Figure 5 represents a sectional view taken along the plane indi-cated,-by the line 5-5 in Figure 2;

Figure 6 represents a transverse sectional view 2 the rubber tension spring and the steering knuckle sleeve illustrated in Figure 6;

Figure 8 illustrates a transverse sectional view through a further modified form of the spring suspension; and

Figure 9 represents a transverse sectional view through still another modified form of the spring suspension.

The drawings illustrate means for employing a tubular rubber spring to support the steerable road wheels of an automobile. However, it should be obvious that the same type of spring and guide mechanism could be employed for mounting the non-steerable or rear wheels of an automobile.

The suspension system is illustrated as being applied to an automobile having longitudinally extending side rail members 20 which are connected at their forward end by a cross member 22 and to which the rigid axle member 24 is attached along a line to the rear of the cross member 22. The side rails 20 are further braced with respect to the body of the automobile by the vertically sloping braces 26. Wheel house panels 28 extend upwardly from the side rails 20 along the sides of the vertical braces 26 and curve outwardly toward the wheels 30.

The rigid axle 24 consists of a downwardly opening, channel shaped member having flanges 32 turned outwardly along the lower edges thereof. The ends of the axle are bent downwardly as at 34 and outwardly toward the sides of the automobile in generally horizontal ends 36. The channel shaped cross section of the axle is closed to form a hollow box section by the reinforcing plates 38 secured to the flanges 32 along the downwardly bent'portions 34 and ends 36. Brace plates 40 have their upp r ends secured to the outside of the side rails 20 and their lower ends secured to the bent down portions 34 of the axle by the bolt 42 while brackets 44 are riveted to the undersides of the side rails 20 and are secured to the axle by bolts 46 prothrough a wheel suspension system similar to vided to secure the axle to the side rails (see Figure 1).

The outer ends 36 of the axle 24 are apertured to pass the stud bolts 48 which extend upwardly into holes tapped in the ends of the generally vertically extending king pins 50. Generally cup shaped bushings 52 having rubber or other deformable material bonded therein are positioned between the bolts 48 and the end portions 36 of the axle 24 to insulate the bolts from the axle.

The,upper ends of the king pins 50 are provided with axially extending tapped apertures 88 which are arranged of the stud bolts 88. The stud bolts 88 extend upwardly through the cap members 88 and through the apertured ends of a transverse brace rod 88. The cap members 88 are each provided with a central portion 82 which is downwardly concave, semi-spherical in shape. A convex, semi-spherical washer 88 is positioned around the stud bolt 88 and between the spherical portion 82 of each cap 88 and, the upper end of the king pin. 88. A washer 88 having a concave, semispherical lower surface is positioned around each bolt 86 and over the dome portions 82 of the caps 88. The ends of the cross bar 88 are drawn down tight against the washers 86 by means of nuts 88 to tightly clamp the cap members 88 and washers 88 to the top of the king pins 88.

The caps 88 are provided with cylindrical downtumed flanges I8, the inner edges of which are extended and bent inwardly toward the center of the automobile as at I2 to form ears for attaching brace plates I8 which are connected to the earsby means of the cap screws I8 (see Figure 3). Each brace plate I8 has secured thereto, as by welding. a brace rod I8 which has its central portion curved partially around the cap 88 and which is provided with a forwardly and'downwardly extending arm 88 and a rearwardly and to receive the lower ends 4 side of a flanged annular plug I88 driven into the lower end of the sleeve 88 andforms an abut- I ment at the end of the sleeve against which the downwardly extending arm 82. The forwardly cross member 22 and the rearwardly extending arms 82 are also passed through the wheel house and extend to other brackets 88 secured to the vertically sloping braces 28 on the automobile body. 8

Thus the king pin 88 is rigidly supported in a generally vertical position, its lower end being mounted on the end of the axle 28 and its upper end being braced to the front cross member 22 and the vertical brace 28. The king pins on the opposite sides of the vehicle are further interconnected and braced with respect to each other by the tie rod 88. The caps 88 are self-aligning between the semi-spherical surfaces of the washers 88 and 66 so as to be normal to the axes of the king pins 88. Attention is called to the fact caps 58 and the stud bolts 88 as at 81.

A sleeve 88 is telescopically positioned about each king pin 88 while bearings 88 carried in apertures in the ends of a bearing retainer tube 92 are positioned between the inside surface of the sleeve 88 and the surface of the king pin 88. The bearings 88 are generally cylindrical but have their central portions turned along a radius to roll along the surface of the king pin 88 and their ends tapered to roll along the inside surface of the sleeve 88 as disclosed in the co-pending application of Nils Erik Wahlberg for Wheel suspensions, Serial No. 312,656, flied January 6, 1940, and which has since issued as United States Letters Patent No. 2,304,291, dated December 8,

Washers 88 consisting of annular rings of felt lower end of the lower spring I88 may abut.

Theupper spring I88 is held in place by means of an annular ring I88 having a generally 2- shaped cross section, the lower flange of which is press fitted within the upper end of the sleeve 88 and the upper flange of which is spaced radially inwardly therefrom, iustclearing the king pin 88. The upper end ofv the upper spring I88 abuts against the underside of the central web of the ring I88. Snap rings I88 are positioned in in ternal grooves at the ends of thevsleeve 88 to .retain the washers 88 and bearing retainer 82 within the sleeve should either of the springs 188 break. The upper flange and web of the annular Z-shaped ring I88 receive and center the lower race I88 of a bearing assembly generally indicated at I81 (see Fig. 4) upon the upper end of the sleeve 88. An upper race I88 completes a runway for ball bearings II8 while the two races are retained together by the cylindrical ring 2. The ring II: has its lower edge turned inwardly as at II8 to engage the underside of the lower race I86. The upper edge of the cylindrical ring, I I2 is also turned inwardly as at I I8 to rest upon the upper race I88 and is flanged upwardly and inwardly as at II8 for a purpose to be described presently.

A forging I28 defines a'tapered aperture into which is driven 'the tapered lower end of the sleeve 88. The forging has a wheel spindle I28 and flange I28 formed thereon for attaching the wheel 88 and a brake backing plate to the forging and sleeve 88. The forging I28 is further apertured as at I28 (see Figure 2) to receive the steering knuckle arm I21 (see Figure 1) which is arranged to be connected to suitable steering gear and linkage, shown in dotted lines in Figure 1 at I2'IA, for turning the sleeve 88 and spindle I28 about the axis of the king pin 88.

It will thus be seen that the king pins 88 are rigidly carriedon the frame of the automobile and that the wheels 88 are carried by the sleeves 88 which are slideable along and turnable about the king pins 88. The structure just described is similar to the structure described and claimed in the co-pending application of Nils Erik Wahlberg. Ross H. Phelps, and Wallace S. Berry for Automotive suspension, Serial No. 370,286, filed December 16, 1940, and which has since issued as United States Letters Patent No. 2,325,894, dated August 3, 1943. The means for cushioning the vertical movement of the sleeves 88 along the king pins-'88 and supporting the frame on the wheels 88 will now be described. The supporting structure on each side of the automobile 7 being the same, only one side will be described.

secured between the annular metal rings are positioned at each end of the bearing retainer 82 to prevent dust and moisture which may enter the space between the king pin and the sleeve from coming in contact with the bearings 88. Coil springs I 88 extend between the washers 88 and the ends of the sleeve 88 to hold the washers and the bearing retainer between the ends of the The specific structure of the tubular rubber spring hereinafter described has been made the subject matter of a co-pending application of Nils Erik Wahlberg and Gustav V. Hedstrom for Spring means, Serial No. 759,484, filed July 8, 1947.

The main cushioning member comprises a tubular sleeve I28 formed of rubber or some similar deformable material which will be referred to as a spring since it performs the function usually performed by a .metallic coil spring in structures of this type. The spring I28 is positioned telescopically around the sleeve 88 with its upper end adjacent to the upper end of the sleeve (see Figure 4). The upper end of the spring is thickened sleeve 88. A plate I 82 is secured to the underin wall thickness and-bonded, as by vulcanizing,

to portions of an annular plate I20 and an annu'lar ring I30. The ring I80 is generally channel shaped in cross section and has its intermediate web portion welded as at I3I to the underside of the plate I28. The plate I23 extends radially outwardly beyond the outer flange I82 of the ring I80 and is turned downwardly in a second cylindrical flange I88. That portion of the plate I28 between the flanges I82 and I83 deflnes a series of apertures I84. It will be noted that the end of the spring I28 extends over the plate I28 to within the circle of apertures I84, through the apertures, and over both sides of the flanges I82 and I83.

Tension loads on the spring I28 are transmitted to the plate I28 and ring I30 by shear stresses in the bonded connection between the rubber and the metal and by tension stresses in that portion of the rubber which extends through the apertures I34. Attention is called to the fact that the flanges I82 and I88 increase the bonded area considerably over the area of a single flat plate of equal diameter, thus reducing the shear stress on the bonded connection.

The inner flange of the ring I30 is arranged to fit around the inwardly flared flange II8 of the ring H2 and bear upon the inwardly turned portion I18 and the upper race I08 so that the upper end of the spring I28 is supported upon the upper end of the sleeve 88 and is rotatable with respect thereto by virtue of the bearing I01.

The lower end of the spring I28 is also increased in wall thickness and bonded around the concentric cylindrical rings I35 and I38. The rings I35 and I38 are spaced radially from each other and each has an outturned flange I81 on its lower end. The flanges I31 have the some outside diameter and are welded together where they overwere a true cylinder. To avoid this, the outer surface of the spring between the ends thereof is slotted longitudinally as at I either by cutting away the rubber or by molding the slots in the spring. The slots do not extend completely through the spring but leave a relatively thin wall I42, the purpose of which will appear presently. The effect of the slots MI is to form a series of separate rubber bands I48. When the spring is stretched, the reduction in cross section referred to above takes place within each individualband I48 and there is little tendency for the diameter of the spring as a whole to be reduced. Thus the spring will not grip the sleeve 88 and change the characteristics of the spring. The dotted lines in Figure 5 indicate the position of the spring when at rest while the full lines indicate the spring when under tension.

The inner wall I42 will be seen to form a seal from the cylinder I40 to the ring I30 at the top of the spring. The top of the cylinder I40 is closed by the cap member 58 and the ring I30 and ring II2 continue the seal around the bearlng I01 to the sleeve 88 so that no dust or moislap. The lower flange I31 which is turned outwardly from the inner ring I85 defines a series of apertures I38 opening into the space between the two rings and the enlarged lower end of the spring I28 extends over the inside of the ring I35 and bottom of the lower flange I31 and through the apertures I38.

The outer rim portions of the flanges I31 extend out of the end of the spring which is bonded to the rest of the surfaces of the flanges and rings I35 and I38. The extending rims of the flanges I31 bear against the lower end of a rigid cylinder I while the thickened portion of the lower end of the spring engages the inside of the lower end of the cylinder to maintain the rings I85 and I38 and cylinder I 40 in concentric relationship. The upper end of the cylinder I40 extends telescopically about the spring I28 and king pin to the cap 58 and is secured as by welding to the inside of the cylindrical flange 10.

The upper end of the spring I28 is thus supported through the sleeve 88, forging I28 and wheel 80 from the ground while the lower end of the spring supports the body of the automobile through the cylinder I40, cap 58 and king pin 50 by tension loads in the spring. The elastic properties of rubber under tension produce a spring which prevents the transmission of high frequency vibrations and noises from the wheels to the body of the automobile.

Attention is now called to Figure 5 which illustrates another feature of the spring I28. If a rubber cylinder is stretched from its ends, it will be reduced in cross section in the middle, both in wall thickness and in outside and inside diam eter so that the spring I28 would tend to grip the outer surface of the sleeve 88 if the spring ture can reach the bearing I01 or the bearings 80 through the upper end of the sleeve.

A corrugated rubber bellows I44 has its upper edge snapped around the edge of the plug I08,

through the bellows to the space between the lower ends of the king pin and the sleeve 88.

A stud bolt I48 has one end threaded into a tapped aperture in the forging I23 and serves as a connection for the lower end of a strut type shock absorber I50. The upper end of the shock absorber I50 is attached to a generally U-shaped bracket I52 depending from the cross brace 80. The connection between the upper end of the shock absorber and the bracket I52 is made flexible by the use of the rubber biscuits I54 positioned around the bayonet end I58 of the shock absorber on either side of the bracket and held in place by the metal washers I58 and nut I80. The connection between the lower endof the shock absorber and the bolt I48 is also -made relatively flexible by means of the rubber sleeve I82 positioned around the bolt I48 and within an eye I84 on the bottom of the shock absorber. The ends of the sleeve I82 are compressed between the flared washers I88 by the nut I88. The

flexible connections at each end of the shock absorber permit the shock absorber to swing to various positions as the forging I23 is turned about the king pin 50. y

A plate I10 is secured between the forging I23 and the shock absorber I50 by the bolt I 48 and is provided with a horizontal stop portion I12 arranged to abut against and to compress the in the extreme bump position at the road wheel.

The space within the cylinder I48 and spring I28 is vented to the atmosphere by a tube I18 which extends irom the cap 88 through the wheel house panel 28 and is provided at its upper end with a filter cap I88. v

The modified form or the invention illustrated in Figures 8 and 7 is substantially the same as that Just described except in the construction at the ends or the rubber spring which will be described presently. Another variation from the preferred form or the invention is in the method of connecting the brace rods from the frame members of the body to the top of the king pin 88. Instead of being formed as a continuous bar welded to the side or the cap 88, the brace rods, one of which is shown in full at 282, are separate and are provided with eyes 2III and 288 which are positioned around the shank of a stud bolt 288. The stud bolt 288 is threaded into the tapped aperture 84 in the upper end of the king pin in'the same manner as the stud bolt 88 in the first form of theinvention and is passed through the end of the cross brace 88 as well as the semi-spherical washers 84 and 88 and the cap member 88. The eyes 28! and 288 of the brace rods are thus securely clamped to the king pin by the same nut 88 which secures the cross brace and cap member to the king pin.

The rubber spring 228 has its upper end secured as by bonding to the serrated under surface 284 or the annular plate 228. The upper outer edge of the plate 228 is beveled as at 288 and the end oi the spring extends over the edge ot the plate and the beveled surface and is bonded thereto. The serrated surface 284 is formed by cutting or otherwise forming spiral or concentric grooves in the plate 228 or by forming a series of pyramidal projections on the surface. The bonded area between the plate and the rubber is thus materially increased over the area of a smooth plate of similar dimensions and the stress on the bond is proportionately reduced. A cylindrical flange 288 extends below the inneredge or the plate 228 and engages the inwardly flared vertical flange II8 on the bearing assembly I81 which is of the same construction as that shown in the first tom of the invention.

The lower end of the spring 228 is bonded to the serrated upper surface of the annular plate 288 which is serrated in the same manner as the upper plate 228. The lower plate. 288 has an outer rim portion 231 which extends radially outwardly beyond the area of bond between the spring and the plate and. which is arranged to engage the bottom ofthe cylinder I48. As in the preferred form of the invention shown in Figures 1 to 5, the outer lower edgeot the spring 228 is arranged to engage the inside lower edge of the cylinder I48 and center the lower end of the spring and the plate 288 with respect to the cylinder m. Y Y

The spring 228 is thus stretched between the upper plate 228 and upper end of the sleeve 88 and the lower plate 288 and lower end of the cylinder I48 to yleldingly supp rt the weight of the vehicle on the wheels. The spring 228 may, of course, be grooved as shown in Figure 5.

The annular plate 228 at the top of the spring m is arranged to abut against the rubber 'ring I 18 at the upper limit of movement of the spindle I28 and sleeve 88 with respect to the king pin in the same manner as the upper surface of the plate I28 in Figure 2. In other respects the operation I 8 or the structure shown in Figures 8 and 1 is the sameasthatshowninrigurez Figures 8 and 8 illustrate further modified iorms oi rubber springs and may be used interchangeably in either of the wheel supporting structures just described. In Figure 8 the upper end oi. the spring 828 is enlarged inwall thickness and bonded around the outer edges of an annular plate 828 and a generally channel shaped ring 888. The inner flange or the channel shaped .ring 888 engages the bearing I81 in the same fashion as the flanges I88 and 288 in the other forms oi the invention to rotatably support the upper end oi the spri g on the top oi the sleeve 88. The outer flange 882 01 the ring 888 and the outer rim 888 of the plate 828 are bent downwardly and outwardly in spaced parallel relationship while the central portion of the plate 828 is spaced upwardly from and extends over the ring 888. The central portion 01' the plate 828 also defines a series or apertures 884. The enlarged end of the spring 828 extends around the outer flange 882 and bent down rim 888 and through the apertures 884. This permits the area of bond between the rubber and the metal parts to be increased by extending the bond over the surfaces which were welded together in the first form of the invention. The plate 828 and ring 888 are prevented from being separated by the rubber bonded therebetween and by their overlapp relationship. Loads transmitted from the rubber to the plate 828 and its outer rim 888 by the bond connection between the spring and plate will draw the plate toward the ring 888 and compress the rubber between the plate and ring so that there will be a clamping actim as well as the bonded connection tending to hold the rubber to the ring and plate.

The lower end 01 the spring 828 is enlarged in wall thickness and bonded around the spaced annular rings 888 and 888. The lower ring 888 is spaced below, and extends inwardly beyond, the upper ring 888 and defines a series of apertures 888 through which the rubber material or the spring extends. Each oi the rings 888 and 888 are flanged upwardly and inwardly in the I center and the outer edge of the upperring 888 extends outwardly from the rubber of the spring 828 to engage the lower edge of the cylinder I48 as at 881 in the same manner as in the other forms of the invention. The same type or clamping action as occurs at the top of the spring will also be present between the lower rings 888 and 888 to assist the bond between the rubber and the rings in holding the rings andspring together.

The spring 428 illustrated in Figure 9 has its ends secured to and bonded around the ring 482 atthe top of the spring and the ring 488 at the bottom or the spring. The upper ring 482 is provided with a fiat annular upper portion 428, the upper surface or which is arranged to act as a bumper in cooperation with the rubber ring I18 and the lower surface of which rests upon and i may be secured to a short cylinder 488. The

extends. The rubber is also bonded around the inner flange l" or the ring "I but does not extend completely to the outer lower edge 431 which is arranged to engage the lower edge 01' the cylinder I40. The tapered shape oi the rings 2 and 435 has the advantage of increasing the area oi bond between the rubber and the rings within the narrow space between the sleeve 88 and the cylinder I40 and also makes the rings easier to form since they may conveniently be made as stampings.

While we have described our invention in some detail, we intend this description to be an example only and not as a limitation of our invention, to which we make the following claims.

We claim:

1. Wheel suspension structure for an automobile comprising a generally vertical king pin secured to said automobile, a sleeve positioned telescopically about said king pin and movable longitudinally and rotatably with respect thereto, wheel supporting structure carried by said sleeve. a rigid cylindrical member fixed relative to said automobilean'd having one end positioned about said king pin and intermediate of the ends thereof, a tubular spring formed of deformable material. rings of rigid material bonded to the ends 01' said spring and having rim portions extending out of said deformable material. and a bearing positioned on top of said sleeve, the rim portion of the ring at the top of said sleeve being engageable with said bearing, the rim portion of the ring at the bottom of said sleeve being engageable with the end of said rigid cylindrical member.

2. In combination with a wheel suspension syssaid king pin and having its upper end extending to within said cylindrical member, bearings positioned between said sleeve and said king pin to facilitate sliding and rotating motion therebetween, wheel supporting structure secured to said sleeve, a tubular spring of deformable material positioned within said cylindrical member and about the end of said sleeve. an annular ring of rigid material having its outer rim integrally bonded within the upper end 01' said spring and its inner rim engageable with the upper end of said sleeve, a second annular ring having its inner edge bonded within the lower end of said spring and its outer rim engageable withthe lower end of said cylindrical member, a bearing interposed between the inner rim of said upper rihg and the upper end of said sleeve, and a deformable bumper positioned around the upper end of said king pin and compressible between said cap member and said upper ring when said sleeve is at the upper limit or its movement relative to said-king pin.

5. Wheel suspension mechanism for an automobile comprising a king pin having its lower end supported upon said automobile, a'cap member positioned adjacent to the upper end of said king pin, means including semi-spherical washers for clamping said cap member to said king pin, rigid means extending from said cap member to points intermediate 01 the ends of said king pin and spaced radially therearound, wheel supporting structure slideably carried on said king pin, and

' a spring of deformable material stretchable betem having a sleeve slideable and rotatable about an axis and a generally tubular spring of deformable material. means for attaching one end of said spring to one end of said sleeve comprising upper and lower bearing races. bearings positioned between said races, an annular ring pressed into the end of said sleeve and forming a shoulder projecting thereabove, said lower race being positioned around said shoulder and upon the end of said sleeve. a second annular ring having a portion extending around both of said races and a portion forming a second shoulder on top of said upper race, and means bonded in the end of said spring engageable with said upper shoulder.

3. In a wheel suspension system including a sleeve slideable and rotatable about an axis and a tubular spring of deformable material, means for attaching the end of said spring to the end of said sleeve comprising an annular ring of rigid material having its outer rim bonded within the end of said spring, means forming an annular shoulder on the end of said sleeve, a bearing supported upon the end of said sleeve and centered by said shoulder forming means, and means forming a second annular shoulder on top of said bearing, the inner rim of said annular ring being supported upon and centered by said last mentioned means.

4. Wheel suspension mechanism for an automobile comprising a generally vertical king pin having its lower end supported upon said automobile, 2, cap member secured to the top of said king pin, a brace rod having a portion intermediate of its ends secured to said cap member and having its ends secured 'to said automobile at spaced points, a rigid cylindrical member secured to said cap member and extending downwardly therefrom and telescopically about said king pin, a sleeve positioned telescopically about tween the upper end of said wheel supporting mechanism and the lower end of said rigid means.

6. Wheel suspension mechanism for an automobile comprising a generally vertical king pin having its lower end supported upon said automobile, a cap member secured to the top of said king pin, a. rigid cylindrical member secured to said cap member and extending downwardly and telescopically'about said king pin, a sleeve slide. able along said king pin and having its upper end extending upwardly within said cylindrical member, wheel supporting structure secured to said sleeve, a tubular spring of deformable material positioned within said cylindrical member and about the upper end of said sleeve, an annular ring of rigid material having its outer rim integrally bonded withinthe upper end of said spring and its inner rim supported by the upper end of said sleeve, and a second annular ring having its inner rim bonded within the lower end of said spring and its outer rim engageable with the lower end of said cylindrical member, the deformable material at the lower end of said spring engaging with the inside of said cylindrical member to center said second ring.

7. Wheel supporting mechanism comprising a fixed member, a movable member and a tube of deformable material stretched between said fixed member and said movable member, the walls of said tube defining a series of longitudinal grooves extending partiall through said tube to form a series of ribs, and another fixed member arranged to guide the movement of said movable member with respect to said first fixed member.

tubular rubber spring having its lower end engageable with said cylindrical member and its upper end engageable with the upper end of said sleeve, and a bearing interposed between the upper end of said spring and the upper end of said sleeve.

9. Wheel supporting mechanlan comprising a fixed member,- a movable member and a tube of deformable material stretched between said fixed member-and said movable member. the walls of said tube defining a series of longitudinal grooves extending partially through said tube to form a series of ribs.

10. Wheel supporting'mechanism comprising a fixed membena movable member, a tube of deformable material stretched between said ilxed member and said movable member, and ribs extending longitudinally along said tube between the ends thereof.

11. Wheel supporting mechanism comprising a fixed member movable member and a tubular spring under tension formed-of deformable material telescopically positioned around said movable member and stretched between and ri idly secured to said fixed member and to said movg able member.

12. Wheel supporting mechanism comprising a relatively rigid king pin, a sleeve positioned telescopically about said king pin, bearings positioned between said, king pin and said sleeve, a wheel supporting member carried by said sleeve, flexible means sealing the lower end of said sleeve to the lower end of said king pin, a cylindrical member fixed to the top of said king pin'and sealed with respect thereto, said cylindrical member extending downwardly and telescopical- 1y about the upper end of said sleeve, and a tubular spring 'of deformable material positioned telescopically'about said sleeve and within said cylindrical member, the ends of said spring-being sealed to the end or said sleeve and the end of a said cylindrical member.

30 Number 18. An automotive wheel suspension comprising a king pin, wheel supporting structure slideable along said king pin. an annular ring membe! supp rted on said structure and around said v gliimarigidmemberllxeilrelativetoss-id kingpimasecondannularringmemberengageable with said rigid member, and a series of deformable bands positioned symmetrically about said king p n, the ends of said bands being secured to said ring members.

14. Anautomotive wheel suspension comprisingakingpmwheelsupporting'structureslideable along said king pin, an annular ring member rotatably supported on said structure and around said king pin. a rigid member fixed relativetosaidkingnlmaeecondannularring member engageable with said rigid member, and a series of deformable bands positioned symmetrically about said king pin, the ends or said bands being bonded to said ring members.

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. nnrsanucss crrnn The following references are of record in the file oi. this patent:

mum s'ra'ms PATENTS Name I Date 133,010 Bridges Nov. 12, 1872 731,174 Glen June 16, 1903 859,807 v Lamure July 9, 1907 1,082,248 'I'ileeton Dec. 23, 1913 5 1,445,889 Dieterich Feb. 20, 1923 1,871,390 Reynolds Aug. 9, 1932 2,010,388 Martin Aug. 6, 1935 FOREIGN PATENTS 40 Number Country Date 429,590 Great Britain May 29, 1935 Germany Aug. 9, 1935 

